Cannes flower: description, planting and care

Canna is a decorative perennial that makes up one family of Horse (Cannaceae). The first flowers were exported from India, China, South and Central America. It was brought to the European continent by Portuguese ships in the 16th century. The ancient Greek designation can be translated as "reed", Latin - "pipe". An ancient legend of the Indians tells that the leader of one of the tribes decided to burn the peace treaty in a fire, a bloody massacre erupted. At the site of the bonfire, flowers grew with bloody petals resembling flashes of flame, or spilled blood.

Canna Flower Description

Branched rhizomes of a perennial plant spread widely to the sides. Thickened hollow stems from 0.6 to 3 m end with a peduncle. Large leaves in the form of an ellipse or elongated shape have a length of 25 to 80 cm, a width of 10 to 30 cm upward sharp, with a smooth surface. Ornamental represent inflorescences, as well as foliage. The green mass is attractive in color; the colors range from malachite, maroon, red-brown to lilac.

Inflorescences of the plant, collected in a whisk or brush, differ in a variety of colors. Bloody, golden, pale pink, amber, speckled, with a border, asymmetrical, they resemble a gladiolus or an orchid. During fertilization, a three-celled box appears.

Varieties of cannes

Almost all modern varieties originate from the Indian species of canna. Cultivated descendants are given the botanical designation of Canna hortum.

Growing Cannes in the Garden

The flowers are unpretentious, successfully grown on the garden plot and in public places. Propagation is done by dividing the tubers and by sowing seeds. Crozie

Sowing Canna Seeds

Usually this method was used to cultivate plants for breeding purposes. Cannes seeds of easily germinating varieties appeared for garden plots quite recently, but quickly gained popularity.

Germinate seeds begin in late January-early February. The durable shell does not allow the flower to sprout quickly.

To speed up the process, they help her break down. It is recommended to use one of the methods:

• treated with boiling water;
• incubated for 3-4 hours in a thermos with hot water;
• for 2-3 hours they dig in a snowdrift or remove for 1 hour on the shelf of the freezer;
• act mechanically.

After this treatment, the seeds are placed for 24 hours in an aqueous solution of a growth stimulant. Cooked seeds are laid out in plates with planting soil to a depth of 0.7-1 cm, after irrigation they are covered with a film and removed for germination, which lasts for a month. At this time, the soil is created in such a way that its temperature is kept at +22 ºC. After the growth of 3-4 leaves, seedlings are transferred to separate containers. In them, flowers develop before transplanting to the street. After 3-4 days, dive seedlings are kept in a room with a temperature of + 16 ... +18 ºC.

Rhizome cultivation

Rhizome division is a reliable way of propagating cannons. They start it in the last decade of March, the first days of April. The roots stored in the cellar in the winter are cleaned and the dried parts are separated. Each is cut into divisions, focusing on the number of buds on the tuber. Those who are close do not share.

The obtained sections to prevent infection with fungal diseases are treated with potassium permanganate (0.2 g per 1 liter of water) or wood ash.

Prepared dividers are planted in the ground, consisting of equal parts of soil, peat crumbs and rotted manure. Deep should not be deep. Germination of the first leaves should be expected in 2-3 weeks. As they appear, the pots are rearranged in well-lit rooms, where they will be at a temperature of + 16 ... +18 ºC. New shoots under the created conditions do not stretch and develop in time. Insignificant watering and maintenance with lowering the temperature are all the care needed for young seedlings.

When to plant cannons

Cannes are transferred to open ground with the end of return frosts. Damaged roots can germinate for a long time, development lags behind, delaying flowering, possibly its complete absence. Deciduous

Soil selection

For planting flowers, a sunny place is required, protected from draft and wind. Kanna loves humus-enriched, warmed soils. A place in the garden is prepared in advance. To do this, dig a hole with a diameter of 0.5-0.6 m. The bottom is filled with fresh manure 0.2 m high. Due to it, the rhizome will become warmer, the flower will actively develop and bloom well. On top of the manure they pour earth. In the spilled hole, a rhizome is established, placing the growth point face up, and sprinkled with earth. The depth of planting of non-germinated rhizomes is not more than 6-9 cm. A distance of 0.5 m is observed between plants, 0.3 m between dwarf varieties. The same is observed between rows in the case of a large number of seedlings. Mulching the planted flowers helps protect the plantings from lack of moisture and weed germination. After planting, before germination, 2 weeks, before flowering, 1.5-2 months pass. At temperatures less than +15 ºC, the emergence of seedlings is delayed.

Further, the flowers require timely watering, loosening of the upper soil layers and top dressing.

How to fertilize cannes

The entire period of cultivation of cannes for timely development is given top dressing. Together with watering, add 2 g of potassium permanganate to a bucket of water (or put granules under each plant). This stimulates the onset of flowering. Before flowering, food is introduced in the form of a solution of chicken droppings with water in a ratio of 1:10. A similar watering is repeated after 2 weeks. Cannes love complex mineral fertilizers scattered under each bush. They are mixed with soil at the time of loosening.

During irrigation, it is necessary to monitor the amount of water. Excess can create the possibility of an outbreak of fungal diseases.

At the end of the season, the root necks are sprinkled with soil to avoid damage with the onset of cooling. During the first frosts, pruning by 15-20 cm is done. Digging at the end of September is carried out with a large lump of soil.

Cannes storage in winter

At the end of August, cannons are transplanted into containers, which, if there is a threat of frost, can be easily brought into the room. The final excavation is carried out in the last days of September-the first days of October, the flowers do not have frost resistance. To improve the wintering of Cannes, it is important to create an air temperature of + 7 ... +15 ºC. She has no noticeable rest period.

Its beauty makes the gardener happy throughout the year. However, for the flowers to enter the blooming stage, he needs to create conditions. For 2 months, the cannes are stored in a cool place with little lighting, while reducing watering. After digging, storage is carried out in perlite, moss-sphagnum or peat, poured into plastic boxes, at a temperature of + 6 ... +8 ºC. Try to avoid contact of tubers. Twice a month they check the state of rhizomes, if necessary, wetting with water the materials with which they are covered. Damage is removed and treated with iodine.

Kanna at home

Cannes are grown on their own or transplanted in the fall from a flower garden into a flower pot, the diameter of which is not less than 50 cm. In order to avoid infection of domestic plants, the land is pre-treated with insecticides. In winter, the flower becomes a bright corner that attracts the eye. To feel good, he needs a lighted place and timely watering. The leaves of the plant are gently wiped several times. After flowering, he needs rest. Cut the stem to a height of 10-15 cm and put it in a shady place with a temperature of + 10 ºC.

Problems growing cannons

A flowering plant is susceptible to diseases and various types of pests.

Mr. Summer resident recommends: canna in the landscape

Cannes are good both in group plantings and planted one at a time, therefore they are loved by landscape designers. It is good to plant against the background of stunted plants: marigolds, coleus, cineraria. Combined with cochia, railing and petunia. Orchid

When planting with other flowers, they provide a central position, placing medium and low flowers around. In group planting, they are placed in the form of wide and long rabatki.

Summer balconies, loggias and terraces are decorated with flowers, planting them in a flowerpot or large tub.

Watch the video: How to Care for a Canna Plant (May 2024).